Machine Learning
Machine learning is the branch of artificial intelligence (AI) concerned with creating systems that can automatically improve their ability to perform tasks such as classifying images, interpreting text, or finding patterns in data.
Henderson, H. (2021). Machine learning. In H. Henderson, Encyclopedia of computer science and technology (4th ed.). Facts On File.
Neural Network
or neural computing, computer architecture modeled upon the human brain's interconnected system of neurons. Neural networks imitate the brain's ability to sort out patterns and learn from trial and error, discerning and extracting the relationships that underlie the data with which it is presented. Most neural networks are software simulations run on conventional computers.
Neural network. (2018). In P. Lagasse, & Columbia University, The Columbia encyclopedia (8th ed.). Columbia University Press.
Large Language Model (LLM) or Chatbot
"A large language model, or LLM, is a deep learning algorithm that can recognize, summarize, translate, predict and generate text and other forms of content based on knowledge gained from massive datasets." from the NVIDIA blog via ChatGPT FAQ by Nicole Hennig
Generative AI
Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a machine learning technology that uses AI technology to understand natural language inputs (called prompts) and to generate natural language outputs (called completions). Users interact with generative AI tools and systems in a question and answer style “conversation."
Australian National University (2023) Chat GPT and other generative AI tools: What ANU academics need to know (PDF, 103KB)
Currency of Information: Information about ChatGPT and other AI tools is continuously evolving. We are doing our best to ensure this guide is accurate and up to date, and will be updating information as it emerges. Wherever possible, we've identified dates for articles and information to help users understand when the information we are using was published.
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Wheatley, A & Hervieux, S. (2020). The AI family tree [diagram]. The LibrAIry. https://thelibrairy.wordpress.com/2020/05/12/the-ai-family-tree/
Artificial Intelligence
A term used to describe the use of a system to emulate human decision making and learning abilities. The founding father of artificial intelligence is Alan Mathison Turing, through his writings that include Computing Machinery and Intelligence (1950). Turing OBE, an English mathematician, Second World War code-breaker and computer scientist and inventor, also described the ‘Turing machine’, and how it could theoretically implement logical processes. Expert systems, or knowledge based systems (KBS), and neural networks are perceived as part of AI. It is believed that massively parallel processing (MPP) systems will unleash and emulate many human-like thought processes.
AI (artificial intelligence). (1999). In F. Botto, Dictionary of multimedia and internet applications: a guide for developers and users. Wiley.
Video based generative tools are also emerging. Meta's Make-A-Video and Stable Diffusion Video can generate short animations based on text prompts in a similar way to the tools above.
There are also a wide range of AI-enhanced video platforms for the generation of explainer or marketing videos, These platforms allow for the creation of videos based on text prompts, using a basis of templates, AI avatars and stock footage. Examples include Synthesia and InVideo: these are typically subscription based tools though free plans may be available.
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